Muhammad Ahmad was a prominent Sudanese religious leader and political figure in the late 19th century. He is best known for declaring himself the Mahdi, a messianic figure in Islam who is believed to bring justice and peace. Ahmad led a successful revolt against the Anglo-Egyptian rule in Sudan, establishing a theocratic state known as the Mahdist State. Born in 1844 in Sudan, Ahmad gained followers through his charismatic preaching and promises of reform. His movement attracted many who were disillusioned with foreign control and local corruption. Ahmad's leadership ultimately led to significant changes in Sudan's political landscape until his death in 1885.