The Mahdi Army is a militia group in Iraq, founded in 2003 by Muqtada al-Sadr, a prominent Shia cleric. The group emerged during the Iraq War, primarily to protect Shia communities and resist the presence of U.S. forces in the country. It has been involved in various conflicts and has played a significant role in Iraqi politics. Initially known for its social services, the Mahdi Army has also been accused of sectarian violence against Sunni Muslims. Over the years, the group has undergone several transformations, including a rebranding as the Peace Companies in 2014, aiming to present a more moderate image while still maintaining its influence in Iraqi society.