The Lydenburg Heads are a collection of seven terracotta sculptures discovered in 1964 near the town of Lydenburg in South Africa. Dating back to around 500-400 BCE, these heads are believed to represent ancestral figures or deities and are significant for understanding the early cultures of the region. They showcase intricate craftsmanship and provide insight into the artistic practices of the Iron Age societies in southern Africa. These artifacts are part of the broader Southern African archaeological heritage and are housed in the Ditsong National Museum of Cultural History in Pretoria. The heads are notable for their unique styles, which differ from other known art forms of the time, highlighting the diversity of cultural expression in ancient South Africa.