Southern Africa is a region located at the southern tip of the African continent. It includes countries such as South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, and Eswatini. This area is known for its diverse landscapes, ranging from deserts like the Kalahari to lush coastlines along the Indian Ocean. The region is rich in cultural diversity, with numerous ethnic groups and languages, including Zulu, Xhosa, and Afrikaans. Southern Africa has a complex history, marked by colonialism and the struggle for independence, particularly in countries like South Africa, which experienced the apartheid system until the early 1990s.