The term "Liang Dynasty" can refer to multiple historical periods in Chinese history. The most notable is the Southern Liang Dynasty (502–557 AD), which was part of the Southern Dynasties during the period of disunity in China. This dynasty is known for its cultural achievements and the promotion of Buddhism. Another reference is the Northern Liang Dynasty (397–439 AD), which existed in the northwestern region of China. It was established by the Xiongnu people and is recognized for its role in the interactions between different ethnic groups and the spread of Buddhism in the area.