Leaf patterns refer to the distinct shapes, sizes, and arrangements of leaves on plants. These patterns can vary widely among different species, influenced by factors such as genetics, environment, and evolutionary adaptations. Common leaf shapes include ovate, lanceolate, and palmate, each serving specific functions in photosynthesis and water retention. In addition to shape, leaf patterns can also describe the arrangement of leaves on a stem, known as phyllotaxy. This arrangement can be alternate, opposite, or whorled, affecting how much sunlight each leaf receives. Understanding leaf patterns helps botanists and gardeners identify plant species and assess their health.