The atmosphere is divided into five main layers based on temperature changes. Starting from the Earth's surface, the first layer is the troposphere, where weather occurs and planes fly. Above it is the stratosphere, which contains the ozone layer that protects us from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Next is the mesosphere, where temperatures drop significantly, followed by the thermosphere, which is known for its high temperatures and the presence of the ionosphere, important for radio communication. Finally, the outermost layer is the exosphere, where the atmosphere gradually fades into space.