The stratosphere is the second layer of Earth's atmosphere, located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. It extends from about 10 to 50 kilometers (6 to 31 miles) above the Earth's surface. This layer is characterized by a gradual increase in temperature with altitude, primarily due to the presence of the ozone layer, which absorbs and scatters ultraviolet solar radiation. In the stratosphere, weather events are minimal, and it is generally stable compared to the turbulent troposphere below. Commercial airplanes often fly within the lower stratosphere to avoid weather disturbances and take advantage of smoother air. The stratosphere plays a crucial role in protecting life on Earth by filtering harmful UV radiation.