Léon Gambetta was a prominent French politician born on April 2, 1838, in Cahors, France. He played a significant role during the French Third Republic and is best known for his efforts in establishing a republican government after the fall of the Second Empire in 1870. Gambetta was a strong advocate for civil liberties and education reform. He served as the Minister of the Interior and later as Prime Minister of France. Gambetta was instrumental in rallying support for the French during the Franco-Prussian War, promoting national unity and resistance against German forces. He passed away on December 31, 1882.