The term "Koryo" refers to a historical kingdom that existed in Korea from 918 to 1392. It was founded by Wang Geon, who established a centralized government and promoted Buddhism as a state religion. The Koryo dynasty is known for its cultural achievements, including the creation of the famous Koryo celadon pottery and the development of the Tripitaka Koreana, a comprehensive collection of Buddhist scriptures.
Koryo is also the origin of the modern name "Korea." The dynasty faced various challenges, including invasions from the Mongols in the 13th century, which significantly impacted its stability. Ultimately, Koryo was succeeded by the Joseon dynasty, which continued to shape Korean history and culture.