The Mongols were a nomadic group from Central Asia, known for their incredible horse-riding skills and military prowess. In the 13th century, under the leadership of Genghis Khan, they united various tribes and created one of the largest empires in history, stretching from China to Europe. Their innovative tactics and organization allowed them to conquer vast territories quickly. Despite their fierce reputation, the Mongols also contributed to cultural exchange and trade. The Pax Mongolica, a period of peace established by their empire, facilitated the movement of goods, ideas, and people along the Silk Road, connecting different cultures and fostering economic growth.