The Kingdom of Gwynedd was a prominent medieval kingdom located in what is now northern Wales. It emerged in the 5th century and played a significant role in the history of the region. Gwynedd was known for its strong leadership, particularly under rulers like Llywelyn the Great and Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, who sought to unify Wales against external threats. Gwynedd's landscape was characterized by rugged mountains and coastal areas, which contributed to its strategic importance. The kingdom was a center of Celtic culture and language, and it fostered the development of Welsh identity. Its influence waned in the late 13th century, leading to its eventual incorporation into the Kingdom of England.