King Charles XV of Sweden, also known as Charles IV of Norway, reigned from 1859 until his death in 1872. He was born on May 3, 1826, and was the son of King Oscar I and Queen Josephine. His reign is noted for efforts to modernize Sweden and improve its infrastructure, including the expansion of railways and telegraph lines. Charles XV was also an advocate for the arts and culture, promoting literature and painting during his time. He was a member of the House of Bernadotte, which has ruled Sweden since 1818. His legacy includes a commitment to national unity and progress.