Oscar II was the King of Sweden and Norway from 1872 until 1905. He was born on January 21, 1829, and was the last king of the united kingdoms of Sweden and Norway. His reign was marked by significant political changes, including the rise of nationalism and the eventual dissolution of the union between the two countries. During his rule, Oscar II promoted cultural and scientific advancements, supporting the arts and education. He was also known for his interest in literature and was a member of the Swedish Academy. Oscar II passed away on December 8, 1907, leaving a legacy of modernization in both nations.