King Carol II was the King of Romania from 1930 to 1940. He was born on April 15, 1893, and was the son of King Ferdinand I and Queen Marie of Romania. His reign was marked by political instability and attempts to establish a personal dictatorship. Carol II's government faced challenges from various political factions, including the rise of the Iron Guard, a far-right movement. In 1940, facing increasing pressure from both internal and external forces, Carol II abdicated the throne in favor of his son, Michael I. After his abdication, he lived in exile for many years, returning to Romania only after the fall of communism in 1989. He passed away on April 4, 1953.