Khedive Ismail was the ruler of Egypt and Sudan from 1863 to 1879. He is known for modernizing the country, introducing reforms in infrastructure, education, and agriculture. His ambitious projects included the construction of the Suez Canal, which significantly improved trade routes and connected Europe to Asia. Despite his modernization efforts, Ismail's reign faced financial difficulties, leading to increased foreign influence in Egypt. In 1879, he was deposed by the Ottoman Empire due to his extravagant spending and inability to manage the country's debt. His legacy remains a mix of progress and challenges in Egyptian history.