Khedive Abbas II was the ruler of Egypt from 1892 to 1914. He was the last Khedive of Egypt and Sudan, a title that indicated his role as a viceroy under the Ottoman Empire. Abbas II is known for his efforts to modernize Egypt, including improvements in infrastructure and education, although his reign was marked by political challenges and growing nationalist sentiments. During his rule, Abbas II faced increasing British influence in Egypt, which culminated in the British occupation of 1882. His opposition to British control led to tensions, and he was eventually deposed in 1914, leading to the establishment of direct British rule. His reign is often viewed as a significant period in the history of Egypt and its struggle for independence.