Omar Khayyam was a Persian mathematician, astronomer, and poet, born in 1048 in Nishapur, Iran. He is best known for his contributions to algebra and for his work on the Jalali calendar, which improved the accuracy of the solar calendar. Khayyam's mathematical writings laid the groundwork for future developments in the field. In addition to his scientific achievements, Khayyam is celebrated for his poetry, particularly the Rubaiyat, a collection of quatrains that explore themes of love, life, and the nature of existence. His verses have been translated into many languages, making him a prominent figure in world literature.