Kaluga is a city located in western Russia, situated along the banks of the Oka River. It serves as the administrative center of Kaluga Oblast and is known for its rich history and cultural heritage. Founded in the 14th century, Kaluga has played a significant role in the development of the region and is recognized for its historical architecture and museums. The city is also notable for its contributions to science and technology, particularly in the field of space exploration. Kaluga is home to the Tsiolkovsky State Museum of the History of Cosmonautics, dedicated to Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, a pioneer of astronautics. This museum highlights the city's connection to the broader narrative of space travel.