Josef Čapek was a Czech painter, writer, and playwright, born on March 4, 1887, in Hronov, Bohemia. He is best known for his contributions to the Czech avant-garde movement and his collaboration with his brother, Karel Čapek, a prominent writer. Josef's artistic style combined elements of Cubism and Expressionism, and he often explored themes of nature and humanity in his work. In addition to his visual art, Čapek was a significant figure in literature, coining the term "robot" in his brother's play, R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots). His works reflect a deep concern for social issues and the human condition. Josef Čapek died on April 24, 1945, during World War II, but his legacy continues to influence artists and writers today.