John Curwen was a British educator and music theorist, best known for developing the Tonic Sol-fa system of music notation. Born in 1816, he aimed to make music education more accessible, particularly for children. His method emphasized singing and ear training, allowing students to learn music without needing to read traditional sheet music. Curwen founded the Curwen Press and published various music education materials, promoting his teaching methods across the UK. His influence extended to the establishment of music schools and choirs, helping to shape modern music education. Curwen passed away in 1880, leaving a lasting legacy in the field of music.