Johann Carl Friedrich Gauß was a German mathematician and scientist born on April 30, 1777. He is often referred to as the "Prince of Mathematicians" for his significant contributions to various fields, including number theory, statistics, and astronomy. His work laid the foundation for many modern mathematical concepts and techniques. Gauß made notable discoveries, such as the Gaussian distribution in statistics and the fundamental theorem of algebra. He also contributed to the development of non-Euclidean geometry and made advancements in geophysics and magnetism. Gauß passed away on February 23, 1855, leaving a lasting legacy in mathematics and science.