The Gaussian distribution, also known as the normal distribution, is a probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean. It is characterized by its bell-shaped curve, where most of the data points cluster around the mean, and the probabilities taper off equally in both directions. This distribution is defined by two parameters: the mean (average) and the standard deviation (which measures the spread of the data). In many natural phenomena, such as heights, test scores, and measurement errors, the Gaussian distribution often appears. It is significant in statistics and is used in various fields, including psychology, economics, and natural sciences, to model real-world data and make predictions.