Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis was a Brazilian writer, poet, playwright, and literary critic, born on June 21, 1839, in Rio de Janeiro. He is considered one of the most important figures in Brazilian literature and a key figure in the Realism literary movement. His works often explore themes of identity, social inequality, and the complexities of human nature. Machado de Assis co-founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters and served as its president for many years. His notable works include the novels Dom Casmurro and Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas, which showcase his innovative narrative style and deep psychological insight. He passed away on September 29, 1908.