João V was the King of Portugal from 1707 until his death in 1750. He was born on October 22, 1689, and was the son of Pedro II and Maria Sofia of Neuburg. His reign is noted for its significant cultural and economic developments, including the construction of the Mafra National Palace and the promotion of the arts and sciences. During his rule, João V sought to strengthen Portugal's position in Europe, often through alliances and diplomacy. He was known for his lavish lifestyle and patronage of the arts, which led to a flourishing of Baroque architecture and music in Portugal.