The Portuguese Empire was one of the first global empires, established in the 15th century during the Age of Discovery. It expanded through exploration and colonization, with territories in Africa, Asia, and South America. Key regions included Brazil, Angola, and Goa, which became important for trade and cultural exchange. At its height in the 16th century, the empire controlled vast maritime routes and established a network of trading posts. The Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 divided the New World between Portugal and Spain, solidifying Portugal's influence in the Americas and beyond.