João III was the King of Portugal from 1521 to 1557. He was born on June 7, 1502, and was the son of Manuel I. His reign is noted for the expansion of the Portuguese Empire, particularly in Brazil and Africa, as well as for the establishment of the Inquisition in Portugal. During his rule, João III focused on strengthening the monarchy and promoting trade. He supported the arts and sciences, leading to a cultural flourishing in Portugal. His reign also faced challenges, including conflicts with Spain and issues related to colonial administration. João III died on June 11, 1557.