Jena Romanticism was a cultural and intellectual movement that emerged in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in Jena, Germany. It was characterized by a focus on individual emotion, nature, and the exploration of the self. Key figures included philosophers and poets like Friedrich Schiller, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, and Novalis, who sought to challenge the rationalism of the Enlightenment. This movement emphasized the importance of imagination and creativity, often drawing inspiration from folklore, mythology, and the natural world. It laid the groundwork for later developments in literature, philosophy, and art, influencing movements such as German Idealism and Romanticism across Europe.