Java Man refers to a hominid fossil discovered in 1891 on the island of Java, Indonesia. This specimen, known scientifically as Homo erectus, is estimated to be around 1.8 million years old. It is significant because it provides insight into early human evolution and migration patterns. The Java Man fossils include a skullcap, a femur, and other bones, which suggest that this species walked upright and had a brain size larger than that of earlier hominids. The discovery of Java Man was crucial in understanding the development of human ancestors and their adaptation to different environments.