Homo erectus is an extinct species of early human that lived approximately 1.9 million to 110,000 years ago. They are known for their upright walking posture and were one of the first hominins to exhibit modern human-like body proportions. Fossils have been found in Africa, Asia, and Europe, indicating their wide geographical range. This species is significant for its use of tools and control of fire, which were crucial for survival. Homo erectus is also believed to be a direct ancestor of later human species, including Homo sapiens, highlighting their importance in human evolution.