Japanese politics is characterized by a parliamentary system, where the Prime Minister serves as the head of government. The National Diet, Japan's bicameral legislature, consists of the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors. Political power is primarily held by the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), which has dominated Japanese politics for most of the post-World War II era. Elections in Japan are held regularly, with the public voting for representatives at both national and local levels. Political parties often form coalitions to govern effectively. Key issues in Japanese politics include economic policy, national security, and social welfare, reflecting the country's unique challenges and priorities.