James Hamilton, 4th Lord Hamilton (c. 1530–1604) was a Scottish nobleman and a prominent figure in the Scottish Reformation. He was the son of James Hamilton, 3rd Lord Hamilton and played a significant role in the political landscape of Scotland during the 16th century. He was known for his support of the Protestant cause and his involvement in various political intrigues. As a member of the Hamilton family, one of the most powerful clans in Scotland, he held considerable influence. James Hamilton was also involved in the conflicts between the Crown and the Scottish nobility, which shaped the course of Scottish history during his lifetime. His legacy includes his contributions to the shifting religious and political dynamics of the era.