James Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton (c. 1658–1712), was a Scottish nobleman and politician. He was the son of James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton and Mary Feilding. He inherited the title of Duke of Hamilton in 1694 and became a prominent figure in the Scottish Parliament, where he supported the interests of the Scottish nobility. The 2nd Duke was also known for his involvement in the Jacobite cause, which aimed to restore the Stuart monarchy to the British throne. He played a significant role in the political landscape of Scotland during the late 17th and early 18th centuries, navigating the complexities of loyalty and power.