James Hamilton, 3rd Lord Hamilton (c. 1530–1604) was a Scottish nobleman and a prominent figure in the Scottish Reformation. He was the son of James Hamilton, 2nd Lord Hamilton and played a significant role in the political landscape of Scotland during the 16th century. He was known for his support of the Protestant cause and his involvement in various conflicts, including the Rough Wooing. As a member of the Hamilton family, one of the most influential clans in Scotland, he held considerable power and land. James Hamilton was also involved in the governance of Scotland, serving in the Scottish Parliament and participating in the administration of the country during a tumultuous period marked by religious and political strife.