The term "Iwi" refers to the Māori tribes or clans of New Zealand, each with its own distinct identity, culture, and history. Iwi are often made up of several smaller groups called hapū, which are further divided into whānau or families. Each iwi has its own traditions, language, and governance structures, playing a vital role in the social and political landscape of New Zealand. Iwi are recognized as important stakeholders in the management of natural resources and cultural heritage. Many iwi have established formal agreements with the New Zealand government, known as Treaty settlements, to address historical grievances and ensure the protection of their rights and interests. This recognition has led to increased autonomy and the revitalization of Māori culture and language.