Itjtawy was an ancient Egyptian city that served as the capital during the reign of the Middle Kingdom. Located near the modern site of Faiyum, it was established by the pharaoh Amenemhat II around 1900 BCE. The city was strategically positioned to facilitate trade and agriculture, benefiting from the nearby Faiyum Oasis. The archaeological remains of Itjtawy include various structures, such as temples and administrative buildings. Although much of the city has not been fully excavated, it is believed to have played a significant role in the political and economic life of ancient Egypt during its time as the capital.