The Italian Renaissance was a cultural movement that began in the late 14th century and lasted into the 17th century. It marked a period of renewed interest in the arts, science, and the classical knowledge of ancient Greece and Rome. This era saw significant advancements in painting, sculpture, and architecture, with notable figures like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo leading the way. During the Italian Renaissance, humanism emerged as a key philosophy, emphasizing the value of individual experience and critical thinking. This period also fostered innovations in literature, with writers such as Dante and Petrarch influencing the development of the Italian language and poetry. The movement laid the groundwork for the modern world, impacting various fields including politics, education, and science.