Isolation techniques are methods used to separate specific components from a mixture or environment. These techniques are essential in various fields, including biology, chemistry, and medicine. Common methods include filtration, where solids are separated from liquids, and centrifugation, which uses rapid spinning to separate substances based on density. In laboratory settings, isolation techniques help researchers obtain pure samples for analysis. For instance, chromatography is a technique that separates mixtures based on different affinities to a stationary phase. These methods are crucial for studying cells, proteins, and other biological materials, ensuring accurate results in experiments and diagnostics.