The Iranian modernist movement emerged in the early 20th century as a response to social, political, and cultural changes in Iran. It sought to blend traditional Persian art and literature with contemporary ideas, emphasizing individual expression and innovation. This movement was influenced by global modernist trends and aimed to challenge established norms. Key figures in the movement included writers like Sadegh Hedayat and Nima Yushij, who introduced new literary forms and themes. The movement also extended to visual arts, with artists exploring abstraction and new techniques. Overall, the Iranian modernist movement played a crucial role in shaping modern Iranian identity and culture.