Art movements are significant trends in the history of art that reflect the changing styles, philosophies, and techniques of artists over time. Each movement, such as Impressionism or Cubism, represents a collective response to cultural, social, and political influences, shaping the way art is created and perceived. These movements often emerge as artists seek to break away from traditional forms and explore new ideas. For instance, Surrealism challenged the boundaries of reality and imagination, while Abstract Expressionism focused on spontaneous and emotional expression. Understanding these movements helps us appreciate the evolution of artistic expression throughout history.