Instructional techniques are methods used by educators to facilitate learning and improve student engagement. These techniques can include direct instruction, where teachers present information directly to students, and cooperative learning, which encourages students to work together in groups to solve problems or complete tasks. Other techniques involve differentiated instruction, where lessons are tailored to meet the diverse needs of students, and project-based learning, which allows students to explore real-world problems through hands-on projects. Each technique aims to enhance understanding and retention of knowledge while catering to various learning styles.