The term "Indo-Iranian" refers to a major branch of the Indo-European language family, which includes languages spoken in the Indian subcontinent and Iran. This group is divided into two main sub-branches: Indo-Aryan, which encompasses languages like Hindi and Bengali, and Iranian, which includes languages such as Persian and Kurdish. Indo-Iranian languages share common roots and features, reflecting the historical connections between the peoples of these regions. The study of these languages helps linguists understand the migration patterns and cultural exchanges that have shaped the history of South Asia and Iran.