Idumea, also known as Edom, is a historical region located in the southern part of modern-day Jordan. It was inhabited by the Edomites, an ancient people who are mentioned in various biblical texts. The region is characterized by its rugged terrain and is situated to the southeast of the Dead Sea. In biblical history, Idumea is significant as it was often in conflict with the Israelites. The Edomites are descendants of Esau, the brother of Jacob, and their relationship is a recurring theme in the Bible. Over time, Idumea became part of the larger Roman Empire and was later integrated into the province of Judea.