Herod, often referred to as Herod the Great, was a Roman client king of Judea who ruled from 37 BCE until his death in 4 BCE. He is known for his ambitious building projects, including the expansion of the Second Temple in Jerusalem, and for his efforts to consolidate power in a politically turbulent region. Herod's reign was marked by significant economic development and architectural achievements. Despite his accomplishments, Herod is also remembered for his ruthless tactics, including the execution of several family members and the infamous Massacre of the Innocents, as described in the New Testament. His legacy is complex, blending both remarkable achievements and a reputation for cruelty.