Hyrcanus I was a prominent Jewish leader and high priest during the late 2nd century BCE. He ruled as the ethnarch of Judea from around 134 to 104 BCE, following the death of his father, Simon Thassi. Hyrcanus I is known for expanding the territory of the Hasmonean dynasty and consolidating power in the region. Under his leadership, Hyrcanus I successfully captured several territories, including Idumea and parts of Samaria. He also played a significant role in the political and religious life of the Jewish people, promoting the observance of Jewish law and traditions during his reign.