A hypertensive crisis is a severe increase in blood pressure that can lead to serious health complications. It is typically defined as a blood pressure reading of 180/120 mmHg or higher. This condition can be categorized into two types: hypertensive urgency, where there is no immediate organ damage, and hypertensive emergency, which involves damage to organs such as the heart, kidneys, or brain. Symptoms of a hypertensive crisis may include severe headache, shortness of breath, chest pain, and vision changes. Immediate medical attention is crucial to lower blood pressure and prevent complications like stroke or heart attack. Treatment often involves medications administered in a hospital setting.