Hyperpigmentation is a common skin condition characterized by dark patches or spots on the skin. This occurs when the skin produces excess melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Factors contributing to hyperpigmentation include sun exposure, hormonal changes, and certain medications. There are various types of hyperpigmentation, such as sunspots, melasma, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. While it is generally harmless, many people seek treatment for cosmetic reasons. Options for managing hyperpigmentation include topical creams, chemical peels, and laser therapy, which can help lighten the affected areas and improve skin tone.