Human fertility refers to the natural ability of individuals to conceive and bear children. It involves complex biological processes, including the production of sperm in males and eggs in females. Factors such as age, health, and lifestyle can significantly influence fertility rates. In women, fertility is often linked to the menstrual cycle, with ovulation being the key period for conception. In men, sperm quality and quantity are crucial for successful fertilization. Understanding these factors can help individuals and couples make informed decisions about family planning and reproductive health.