Hosni Mubarak was an Egyptian politician who served as the President of Egypt from 1981 until 2011. He came to power after the assassination of Anwar Sadat, and his presidency was marked by a focus on economic reform and maintaining peace with Israel. Mubarak's government was often criticized for its authoritarian practices and human rights violations. In early 2011, during the Arab Spring protests, millions of Egyptians demanded his resignation due to widespread corruption and lack of political freedom. After weeks of demonstrations, Mubarak stepped down, leading to a transitional government and significant political changes in Egypt. He passed away in February 2020.