Historical cartography is the study of maps and map-making throughout history. It examines how maps have evolved over time, reflecting changes in geography, culture, and technology. Early maps often depicted the world as understood by their creators, influenced by factors such as exploration and trade. The field also explores significant maps, such as the Ptolemaic maps from ancient Greece and the Mappa Mundi from the Middle Ages. These maps provide insights into the beliefs and knowledge of different societies. By analyzing historical maps, researchers can better understand how people viewed their world and navigated their environments.